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吉瓦级新兴缅甸太阳能光伏发电前景堪忧
返回列表 来源: 光伏們 发布日期: 2021.08.31 浏览次数:

      3月14日,缅甸骚乱再次升级。在缅甸主要城市仰光的郊区莱达雅,多名反对政变的抗议者遭到安全部队的暴力伤害,此前中资工厂还被纵火,损失严重。据悉,这是自2月1日针对民选领导人昂山素季的政变以来最为血腥的一天。据央视新闻报道,自当地时间周日下午开始至傍晚,缅甸仰光多个工业区超过二十家工厂遭遇纵火和打砸,涉及企业多数为中资企业或中缅合资企业,其中以服装加工厂、服装辅料厂和配套设备厂为主。中国驻缅甸使馆第一时间同缅甸中国企业商会和相关企业取得联系,迅速要求当地警方采取有力措施,保障中资企业及人员安全。使馆还再次向中国在缅企业和人员发出安全提示。众所周知,缅甸局势走到今天这个地步,是由于殖民历史、种族矛盾、贫富悬殊以及国外势力插手等等多种因素导致的。这一问题还应该在东盟框架下通过和谈方式来解决,暴力和冲突只会加剧局势升级,同时也会对缅甸的经济、民生和社会安全带来极其深远的负面影响。 实际上,中缅双方自古以来维持着良好的关系。中国是缅甸最大的外资来源国和贸易伙伴。自2013年以来,随着我国“一带一路”倡议的提出,中缅之间的经济合作日愈增多。  

       缅甸在能源结构方面“偏科”严重,水电比重较大且大多为径流电站,自身调节能力差,缺乏电源间的调度;在电网方面较为落后,目前尚未形成统一的全国电网,电网覆盖面有限,而且资源密集区和负荷中心明显不匹配。要解决这两大能源难题,光伏、风电配备储能等可再生能源方案成了最佳发展方向。 虽然缅甸拥有很好的光伏潜力,但是直到2019年,缅甸的第一座商业 缅甸太阳能光伏发电站才正式投入使用。根据国际可再生能源机构的统计数据,截止2019年,缅甸仅安装88MW的光伏发电容量。2020年,缅甸电力和能源部顺利完成的1GW光伏电站招标,一举将这个不起眼的国家推上了东南亚新兴市场排行榜。30个竞标项目中,中国企业共中标了29个。中标价格在3.48-5.1美分/kWh之间,远低于缅甸的平均供电成本(2018年初为每千瓦时8.1美分)。中标项目主要集中在伊洛瓦底、马圭、曼德勒和内比都地区。(详见:2020年海外十大光伏竞标:电价新低1.316美分/kWh,中企加速出海)

On March 14th the unrest in Myanmar escalated again.Several anti-coup protesters were violently injured by security forces in Laidaya, a suburb of Yangon, Myanmar's main city, after Chinese-owned factories were set on fire. It was reported to be the bloodiest day since the February 1st coup against the democratically elected leader Aung SAN Suu Kyi.More than 20 factories in several industrial zones in Yangon, Myanmar, were set on fire and smashed from Sunday afternoon to early evening local time. Most of the factories involved were Chinese-owned or joint ventures, and most of them were garment processing factories, garment accessories factories and ancillary equipment factories, CCTV news reported. The Chinese Embassy in Myanmar immediately contacted the Chamber of Commerce of Chinese Enterprises in Myanmar and relevant enterprises, and promptly asked the local police to take effective measures to ensure the safety of Chinese enterprises and personnel.The Embassy also once again issued safety warnings to Chinese enterprises and personnel in Myanmar.As we all know, the situation in Myanmar has come to this point because of colonial history, ethnic conflicts, the wide gap between rich and poor, and the interference of foreign forces.This issue should also be resolved through peace talks within the FRAMEWORK of ASEAN. Violence and conflicts will only escalate the situation and have a profound negative impact on Myanmar's economy, people's livelihood and social security. In fact, China and Myanmar have maintained sound relations since ancient times.China is Myanmar's largest source of foreign investment and trading partner. Since 2013, with the proposal of China's belt and Road Initiative, economic cooperation between China and Myanmar has been increasing day by day.

In terms of energy structure, The proportion of hydropower in Myanmar is large and most of them are runoff power stations, with poor self-regulation ability and lack of dispatching between power sources. In terms of power grid, it is relatively backward. At present, a unified national power grid has not been formed, the coverage of power grid is limited, and resource-intensive areas and load centers are obviously not matched. To solve these two energy problems, photovoltaic, wind power equipped with energy storage and other renewable energy solutions have become the best development direction.Although Myanmar has good pv potential, it was not until 2019 that the country's first commercial Myanmar solar PV power station was officially put into operation. According to statistics from the International Renewable Energy Agency, myanmar installed only 88MW of photovoltaic capacity as of 2019.In 2020, myanmar's Ministry of Power and Energy successfully completed a tender for a 1GW PHOTOVOLTAIC power plant, catapulting this unremarkable country into the ranks of emerging markets in Southeast Asia. Chinese companies won 29 of the 30 bidding projects.Winning bids ranged from 3.48 to 5.1 cents per kWh, well below the average power cost in Myanmar (8.1 cents per kWh at the beginning of 2018). The winning projects are concentrated in the Irrawaddy, Magui, Mandalay and Naypyidaw regions.(See: 2020 top 10 Overseas PV Bidding: electricity price new low 1.316 cents /kWh, Chinese enterprises speed up going to sea)

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