7月16日，具有里程碑意义的日子，必将载入“美丽中国”史册。当日上午9时许，全国碳排放权交易市场正式启动上线。
9点32分左右，全国碳市场上线交易正式启动。工作人员介绍，全国碳市场一开市，最低碳卖价是52.78元/每吨，最高碳买价是50.50元/每吨，第一笔交易已在9点32分达成。据统计，仅仅数分钟后，随着新交易的不断达成，最新碳价已经比开盘价上涨8.54%。
为缓解全球气候变暖趋势，2005年全球正式生效的《京都议定书》建立了国际碳排放权交易制度。据生态环境部介绍，碳排放权交易市场是我国利用市场机制，控制温室气体排放、落实碳达峰目标和碳中和愿景的核心政策工具之一。
据介绍，从今年1月1日起，全国碳市场首个履约周期正式启动，涉及2162家发电行业的重点排放单位。这是我国第一次从国家层面将温室气体控排责任压实到企业，通过市场倒逼机制，促进产业技术升级。
记者从湖北碳排放权交易中心获悉，湖北共有46家企业被纳入全国首批碳交易市场，包括湖北华电武昌热电有限公司、国电青山热电有限公司、中韩（武汉）石油化工有限公司、武汉钢电股份有限公司等发电行业相关企业。
全国碳排放权交易市场主要包括两个部分。其中,交易中心落地上海,注册登记系统设在湖北。2014年，湖北碳市场作为全国7个试点市场之一，开市启动交易。2017年12月，国家发改委宣布由湖北牵头承担全国碳排放权注册登记系统的建设与运维工作。
截至6月30日，湖北碳市场配额共成交3.57亿吨，累计成交总额83.75亿元，交易规模、连续性、引进社会资金量、企业参与度等指标保持全国前列。“试点7年、筹建注册登记系统4年，湖北终于迎来了全国碳市场的正式启动。”湖北经济学院低碳经济学院常务副院长、教授孙永平说。作为最早参与湖北碳交易体系设计的专家，孙永平多年跟踪研究相关课题。
我省相关负责人表示，作为全国碳市场重要组成部分，湖北将进一步完善配额分配方案，拓展特色业务，深度对接全国碳市场，确保全国碳市场登记结算、分配履约顺利开展，同时抓紧制定碳达峰碳中和方案，推动全省减污降碳和全面绿色转型。
业内人士介绍，虽然全国碳市场首批仅纳入发电行业，但这些企业的年均碳排放量预计将超过45亿吨二氧化碳。这意味着，中国的碳排放权交易市场一经启动，就将成为全球覆盖温室气体排放量规模最大的碳市场。未来，全国碳市场范围将逐步扩大，最终覆盖发电、石化、化工、建材、钢铁、有色金属、造纸和国内民用航空等八个行业。
据悉，未来，生态环境部将不断修订完善相关制度和交易机制，强化市场管理，不断落实配额分配制度，强化风险防范，逐步丰富交易品种方式，提升碳市场活跃度，力争建设监管有效、公开透明、具有国际影响力的碳市场。
来源：湖北日报全媒记者胡弦、左晨、彭艺博、通讯员李斌、张熙

编发：陈映午
审核：张磊
出品：湖北日报融媒体中心

July 16 is a milestone that will surely go down in the history of "beautiful China".At 9 am, the national carbon emission trading market officially launched online.

At around 9:32 a.m., the national carbon market was officially launched.Staff introduction, the national carbon market opened, the lowest carbon selling price is 52.78 yuan/ton, the highest carbon buying price is 50.50 yuan/ton, the first transaction has been reached at 9:32. Just minutes later, the latest carbon price was 8.54% higher than its opening level, as new deals continued to be struck.

To mitigate global warming, the Kyoto Protocol, which came into force in 2005, established an international carbon trading system.According to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the carbon emission trading market is one of China's core policy tools to control greenhouse gas emissions and achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality through market mechanism.

It was reported that the first implementation cycle of the national carbon market was officially launched from January 1 this year, involving 2,162 key emitters in the power generation industry. This is the first time for China to impose the responsibility of greenhouse gas control and emission on enterprises at the national level, and promote industrial technology upgrading through the market force mechanism.

The reporter learned from hubei Carbon emission trading Center that a total of 46 enterprises in Hubei were included in the first batch of national carbon trading market, including Hubei Huadian Wuchang Thermal Power Co., LTD., Guodian Qingshan Thermal Power Co., LTD., China-Korea (Wuhan) Petrochemical Co., LTD., Wuhan Steel and Electricity Co., LTD.

The national carbon emission trading market mainly consists of two parts.The trading center is located in Shanghai and the registration system is located in Hubei province. In 2014, hubei carbon market was opened as one of the seven pilot markets in China.In December 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission announced that Hubei would take the lead to undertake the construction, operation and maintenance of the national carbon emission rights registration system.

By June 30, a total of 357 million tons of carbon market quotas were traded in Hubei province, with a total value of 8.375 billion yuan. The transaction scale, continuity, the amount of social capital introduced and the participation of enterprises are among the top indicators in China. "After seven years of pilot work and four years of preparation for the registration system, Hubei has finally ushered in the official launch of the national carbon market." Hubei University of Economics low carbon economics school executive vice president, professor Sun Yongping said. As the first expert to participate in the design of Hubei carbon trading system, Sun Yongping has been tracking and researching related topics for many years.

The relevant person in charge of our province, said as an important part of the national carbon market in hubei province will further perfect the quota allocation, business characteristics, depth and docking carbon markets across the country, to ensure that the carbon market registration and settlement, distribution, performance smoothly, formulating an carbon carbon neutral solution of peak at the same time, promote the province reducing carbon reduction and comprehensive green transformation.

Although only power generation will be included in the first phase of the national carbon market, their annual carbon emissions are expected to exceed 4.5 billion tons of co2, according to industry insiders. That means China's carbon market, once launched, will be the world's largest in terms of greenhouse gas emissions.In the future, the national carbon market will gradually expand to cover eight industries, including power generation, petrochemical, chemical, building materials, iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, paper making and domestic civil aviation.

It is reported that in the future, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will continue to revise and improve relevant systems and trading mechanisms, strengthen market management, continue to implement the quota allocation system, strengthen risk prevention, gradually enrich trading varieties, improve the carbon market activity, and strive to build effective supervision, open and transparent carbon market with international influence.

Source: Hubei Daily full media reporters Hu Xian, Zuo Chen, Peng Yibo, correspondent Li Bin, Zhang Xi

Braiding hair: Chen Yingwu

Review: Zhang Lei

Produced by: Hubei Daily Rong Media Center