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政策解读:太阳能光伏发电国家政策补贴2021年
返回列表 来源: 发布日期: 2021.11.16 浏览次数:

      在碳中和目标的助力下,今年光伏利好政策频出,太阳能光伏发电国家政策补贴2021年的情况如何?从意见稿、到正式稿发布时间间隔较长,小盒子就把主要的户用光伏政策从意见稿到正式稿及出处梳理一遍,方便大家查询。
      1)2021年户用光伏还有补贴吗?是多少?2021年户用光伏有补贴,度电补贴是3分钱。
相关政策:《国家能源局关于2021年风电、光伏发电开发建设有关事项的通知 国能发新能〔2021〕25号》
时间:2021年5月20日,官网链接:http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2021-05/11/c_139958210.htm(文件中指出户用光伏发电项目补贴预算5亿元)
     2)为什么说2021年是户用补贴的最后一年
《国家发展改革委关于2021年新能源上网电价政策有关事项的通知(征求意见稿)》
     3)能源局整县推进政策有哪些影响?
       整县推进方案抓住了分布式开发过程中屋顶资源协调难,特别是公共建筑业主积极性不高以及电网接入难等痛点,有利于扩大我国的分布式光伏的发展。能够快速落实“碳达峰 碳中和”战略目标任务,对促进能源转型、保障电力供应、降低用电成本都具有重要意义。在市场不是很成熟、基础比较薄弱的地区,整县推进能够带动当地光伏装机量的增长,一定程度上让利于民。
     4)2021年户用光伏有指标吗?是多少?
     按照国家能源局下发的5亿/年的补贴额度计算:5亿/年÷0.03元/度÷1000小时=16.67GW,向下去取整为16.5GW;2021年的户用补贴指标为16.5GW。
     5)能源局每个月还会发布指标余量吗?
     政策未明确会每月发布指标余量。据能源局近期发布的光伏装机情况来看,前五月户用光伏新增装机4.1584GW,指标剩余12.3416GW。
      6)户用光伏补贴还能领20年吗?政策红头在哪里?
       如果电站发电稳定,可以领取20年。
        官网链接:http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2013-07/15/content_2632.htm#
      当然,光伏电站发电稳定才能够领取20年的补贴。最好选用已有多年发电案例的品牌,国内最早的分布式光伏发电系统——扬州阳光美第小区30kW项目户用逆变器已稳定运行16年,选用的是当年最好的逆变器品牌阳光电源,如今阳光电源已成为国内逆变器企业龙头。
       7)户用光伏项目最大能装多少千瓦?
       一般的户用光伏项目在5kW-10kW,比较大的有10kW到30kW。但据粉丝反映,有些户用项目可以达到50kW以上,甚至超过一百千瓦。但是不同区域由于政策不同,对户用光伏的认定也不同。如果对补贴有较大需求,建议安装50kW以内的户用电站——会优先拨付补贴。
链接:http://www.mof.gov.cn/zyyjsgkpt/zyddfzyzf/zfxjjzyzf/kzsnydjfjsr/202007/t20200703_3543490.htm
据统计,在户用光伏发展最好的山东省,2020年累计户用装机近20万套,总规模4575.407MW,平均单套23.6kW。随着碳中和时代的到来,大功率的户用光伏时代也即将来临:组件企业纷纷发布500W+组件,能够适配大电流、高品质的逆变器产品将更受市场青睐。据悉,大功率系列产品阳光电源SG30/40CX在济南展新品发布首日订单便突破16000台,可见大户用光伏市场的崛起。
     8)2022年没有补贴的户用光伏还值得投资吗?
      值得,随着光伏度电成本逐步下降,在山东、河北、河南等地光照条件较好的地区,光伏发电的收益率可达16%。山东济南地区,如果安装一套10kW的光伏电站,花费3-4万元,年发电量可达1.25万度,年收益率可达17.02%,最快仅需要4.8年就可以收回成本。
     9).如何挑选户用逆变器,避免踩坑?
     一套光伏电站组成有光伏组件、逆变器、并网箱、线缆、支架等产品,每一款产品都需要仔细选择品牌。因此如果是光伏小白,建议找当地知名的安装商安装(拨打品牌方官网电话咨询),从设计安装开始就由专业团队完成,保证日后发电量及收益。 小盒子提醒大家,无论是组件、逆变器还是并网箱,都一定要挑选售后和质量有保障的大品牌,最好是拥有稳定运营电站案例,实力可靠的上市公司产品。逆变器是光伏系统的心脏,是确保光伏电站长期可靠运行和提升项目投资回报的关键。大品牌、高品质的逆变器能够提升光伏电站的发电量,增加收益。而且机器质量好,电站运行的25年周期很少出故障,免去后期维修的麻烦。
中国光伏发展崛起的30年里,涌现出不少优秀的行业品牌,但是能够稳健运营20年以上的企业屈指可数。前文小盒子提到的阳光电源称得上独树一帜,在业主和安装商群体中有口皆碑:业主小区16年前的户用逆变器依旧能够稳定运行,可见其产品稳定可靠。我们都知道,光伏电站发电周期在25年以上,选择值得信赖的产品能够让你的电站省心不少,发电量和收益还有保障!

With the help of the carbon neutrality target, this year's photovoltaic favorable policies are frequent. What will the situation of national policy subsidies for solar photovoltaic power generation be in 2021?   From the opinion draft, to the official release of the time interval is long, the small box will be the main household photovoltaic policy from the opinion draft to the official draft and the source of a comb, convenient for everyone to query.  

1) Will there be subsidies for residential PV in 2021?  How much is?  In 2021, household pv will be subsidized, and the subsidy per kilowatt hour will be 3 cents.  

Related policies: Notice of the National Energy Administration on The Development and Construction of Wind Power and Photovoltaic Power Generation in 2021, State Energy Fa Xinneng (2021) no. 25  

Time: on May 20, 2021, website link: http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2021-05/11/c_139958210.htm (file points out that the household photovoltaic power generation project subsidy budget 500 million yuan)  

2) Why is 2021 the last year for household subsidies  

Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on Matters related to the New Energy Feed-in Tariff Policy in 2021 (Draft)  

3) What are the impacts of the energy Bureau's policies for promoting the whole county?  

The whole county promotion plan has grasped the difficulty in coordinating roof resources in the distributed development process, especially the pain points such as low enthusiasm of public building owners and difficult access to power grid, which is conducive to expanding the development of distributed photovoltaic in China.   It is of great significance to quickly implement the strategic goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutral" to promote energy transformation, ensure electricity supply and reduce electricity cost.   In areas where the market is not very mature and the foundation is relatively weak, the whole county can promote the growth of local photovoltaic installations, to a certain extent, to benefit the people.  

4) Is there any target for residential PV in 2021?  How much is?  

Calculated according to the subsidy amount of 500 million/year issued by the National Energy Administration: 500 million/year ÷0.03 yuan/degree ÷1000 hours =16.67GW, rounded down to 16.5GW;   The household subsidy target in 2021 is 16.5GW.  

5) Will the Energy Bureau release the index margin every month?  

Policy is not clear will be released monthly surplus indicators.  According to the photovoltaic installation recently released by the Energy Bureau, the first five months of household photovoltaic installed 4.1584GW, the index remaining 12.3416GW.  

6) Can household PV subsidies continue for 20 years?  Where are the policy red flags?  

If the power station is stable, it can be paid for 20 years.  

Website link: http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2013-07/15/content_2632.htm#  

Of course, photovoltaic plants have to be stable to receive subsidies for 20 years.  It is best to choose the brand with many years of power generation cases. The earliest distributed photovoltaic power generation system in China -- 30kW household inverter of Yangzhou Sunshine Meidi Residential Area has been running stably for 16 years. The best inverter brand of that year is Sunshine Power Supply, now sunshine power Supply has become the leader of domestic inverter enterprises.  

7) What is the maximum kilowatt capacity of household PHOTOVOLTAIC projects?  

General household pv projects are in the range of 5KW-10KW, with larger ones ranging from 10kW to 30kW.  But according to fans, some household projects can reach more than 50kW, or even more than 100kW.  However, due to different policies in different regions, the identification of household photovoltaic is also different.  If there is a large need for subsidies, it is recommended to install household power stations of up to 50kW - subsidies will be allocated first.  

Link: http://www.mof.gov.cn/zyyjsgkpt/zyddfzyzf/zfxjjzyzf/kzsnydjfjsr/202007/t20200703_3543490.htm  

According to statistics, in Shandong Province, which has the best development of household photovoltaic, the total installed household capacity in 2020 is nearly 200,000, with a total scale of 4575.407MW and an average single set of 23.6KW.   With the advent of the era of carbon neutrality, the era of high-power household photovoltaic is also coming: component enterprises have released 500W+ components, which can adapt to large current and high-quality inverter products will be more favored by the market.  It is reported that the high-power series of products SG30/40CX sunshine power supply in Jinan exhibition new products released on the first day of orders will break 16,000 sets, visible large household photovoltaic market rise.  

8) Is household PV without subsidies still worth investing in in 2022?  

With the gradual decrease of the cost of photovoltaic kilowatt-hour electricity, the yield of photovoltaic power generation can reach 16% in shandong, Hebei, Henan and other regions with better lighting conditions.   In Jinan, Shandong province, if a set of 10kW photovoltaic power station is installed, the cost will be 30,000 to 40,000 yuan, the annual power generation can reach 12,500 KWH, and the annual yield can reach 17.02%. The cost can be recovered in 4.8 years at the earliest.  

9). How to select household inverter to avoid stepping on pits?  

A set of photovoltaic power station consists of photovoltaic modules, inverters, combined cage, cables, brackets and other products, each product needs to carefully choose the brand.   Therefore, if it is photovoltaic small white, it is recommended to find a well-known local installer to install (call the brand official website for consultation), from the beginning of the design and installation by a professional team to ensure the future power generation and income.  The small box reminds us that whether components, inverters or cage, we must choose big brands with guaranteed after-sales and quality, and it is best to have stable operation of power station cases, reliable strength of listed products.   Inverter is the heart of photovoltaic system, is the key to ensure long-term reliable operation of photovoltaic power station and improve project investment return.  Large brands and high-quality inverters can improve the power generation of photovoltaic power stations and increase revenue.   Moreover, the quality of the machine is good, and the power station seldom breaks down during its 25-year operation cycle, thus eliminating the trouble of late maintenance.  

In the 30 years since the rise of China's photovoltaic development, many excellent industry brands have emerged, but there are only a handful of enterprises that can steadily operate for more than 20 years.   The sunshine power supply mentioned in the previous little box is a school of its own, which is well received by both owners and installers: the household inverter in the owner's community 16 years ago can still run stably, which shows that its products are stable and reliable.  As we all know, photovoltaic power generation cycle in more than 25 years, choose reliable products can make your power station a lot of worry, power generation and income protection!  

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